Lessons 18, 19, 23: Purpose and opportunity: 好, 趁, 为……而……

Three ways to express purpose or taking advantage of an opportunity: so as to, taking advantage of, for the sake of (a purpose).

Hanyu textbook · Hanyu 6 · Lesson 18 · Hanyu 6 · Lesson 19 · Hanyu 6 · Lesson 23

请你把电话号码留下来，有事儿我好通知你。

Qǐng nǐ bǎ diànhuà hàomǎ liú xiàlái, yǒu shìr wǒ hǎo tōngzhī nǐ.

Please leave your phone number so that I can let you know if anything comes up.

Explanation

好 ("so that, to make it convenient to…")

可以、以便 — used in the second clause to indicate the purpose of the action in the first clause.

趁 ("taking advantage of")

making use of a condition or opportunity (利用条件或机会). "趁……" can be used before the subject.

为……而…… ("for the sake of… in order to…")

what follows "为" indicates the purpose of the action, and what follows "而" indicates the (main) action.

Structure

1
Phân câu 1 (hành động)，好Phân câu 2 (mục đích)
"好" = 可以、以便, used in the second clause to indicate the purpose of the action in the first clause.
- 请你把电话号码留下来，有事儿我好通知你。
  Qǐng nǐ bǎ diànhuà hàomǎ liú xiàlái, yǒu shìr wǒ hǎo tōngzhī nǐ.
  Please leave your phone number so that I can let you know if anything comes up.
- 带上把雨伞吧，下雨好用。
  Dàishàng bǎ yǔsǎn ba, xiàyǔ hǎo yòng.
  Take an umbrella, so you'll have it if it rains.
- 派两个人一起去吧，有问题好互相商量。
  Pài liǎng gè rén yìqǐ qù ba, yǒu wèntí hǎo hùxiāng shāngliang.
  Send two people together, so that they can discuss things with each other if there are problems.
- 看到她那副样子，我很想把真相告诉她，好让她死了那份心。
  Kàndào tā nà fù yàngzi, wǒ hěn xiǎng bǎ zhēnxiàng gàosu tā, hǎo ràng tā sǐle nà fèn xīn.
  Looking at the state she was in, I really wanted to tell her the truth, so that she would give up hope.
2
趁…Vverb
Making use of a condition or opportunity; "趁……" can be used before the subject.
- 趁天还没有黑，我们快点儿下山吧。
  Chèn tiān hái méiyǒu hēi, wǒmen kuài diǎnr xiàshān ba.
  Let's hurry down the mountain while it's still light.
- 烤鸭要趁热吃，凉了就不好吃了。
  Kǎoyā yào chèn rè chī, liáng le jiù bù hǎochī le.
  Roast duck should be eaten while it's hot; it doesn't taste good once it's cold.
- 我想趁星期天给她写封信。
  Wǒ xiǎng chèn xīngqītiān gěi tā xiě fēng xìn.
  I want to take advantage of Sunday to write her a letter.
- 一天，我实在控制不住了，就趁他们活动时，装作要拿东西，进了办公室。
  Yì tiān, wǒ shízài kòngzhì bú zhù le, jiù chèn tāmen huódòng shí, zhuāngzuò yào ná dōngxi, jìnle bàngōngshì.
  One day I really couldn't hold back any longer, so while they were busy with an activity, I pretended to go in and get something and walked into the office.
3
为mục đích而hành động
What follows "为" indicates the purpose of the action; what follows "而" indicates the action.
- 我是为开办公司而来的。
  Wǒ shì wèi kāibàn gōngsī ér lái de.
  I came in order to start a company.
- 我们是为查清这个问题而来找你的。
  Wǒmen shì wèi chá qīng zhège wèntí ér lái zhǎo nǐ de.
  We came to find you in order to clarify this matter.
- 他为以后在中国开展业务而来学习汉语。
  Tā wèi yǐhòu zài Zhōngguó kāizhǎn yèwù ér lái xuéxí Hànyǔ.
  He came to study Chinese so that he can develop business in China in the future.
- 作为一个从事远程教育的教师，我为自己培养了无数学生而感到自豪。
  Zuòwéi yí gè cóngshì yuǎnchéng jiàoyù de jiàoshī, wǒ wèi zìjǐ péiyǎngle wúshù xuésheng ér gǎndào zìháo.
  As a teacher working in distance education, I take pride in having trained countless students.

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